World War I - Terms and People

1. American Expeditionary Force - title given U.S. troops serving in World War I
   
   
2. armistice - cease fire or truce
   
   
3. Balfour Declaration - statement of British support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine that heightened tensions in the Middle East after the war
   
   
4. Bernard Baruch - director of the War Industries Board
   
   
5. Bolsheviks - seized power in Russia in 1917
   
   
6. Committee on Public Information - government agency set up to get the public to support the war
   
   
7. conscientious objectors - people who refuse to serve in the military because of religious or moral principles
   
   
8. contraband - illegally transported war materiel
   
   
9. convoy - a protective escort for ships
   
   
10. George Creel - headed the Committee on Public Information
    
    
11. doughboys - American soldiers nickname in Europe during World War 1
    
    
12. Ferdinand Foch - supreme commander of all military forces in Europe during World War
    
    
13. Henry Ford - well know pacifist during World War 1
    
    
14. Fourteen Points - President Wilson's plan for world peace after the war
    
    
15. Herbert Hoover - headed the Food Administration who urged people to plant victory gardens
    
    
16. Charles Evan Hughes - Republican who opposed Woodrow Wilson in 1916
    
    
17. irreconcilables - members of Congress who opposed joining the League of Nations under any circumstances
    
    
18. League Covenant - provision in Article 10 of the Treaty of Versailles that required nations to "respect and preserve" the independence and territorial integrity of other member nations
    
    
19. Henry Cabot Lodge - lead the opposition to the League in the Senate
    
    
20. Lusitania - British liner sunk by Germans without warning killing 128 Americans
    
    
21. militarism - policy of maintaining strong armed forces and being ready to use them
    
    
22. nationalism - a sense of pride or loyalty to a country
    
    
23. Nicholas II - overthrown Russian Czar
    
    
24. pacifist - people opposed to war or violence
    
    
25. John J. Pershing - Commander of U.S. troops in Europe
    
    
26. preparedness - military readiness for war
    
    
27. Gavrillo Princip - assassinated the Archduke Franz Ferdinand
    
    
28. Jeanette Rankin - first female Congresswoman, social worker, suffrage leader, and pacifist during World War I
    
    
29. reparations - payment of war damages
    
    
30. reservationists - members of Congress who approved joining the League of Nations under certain conditions
    
    
31. Selective Service Act of 1917 - law that instituted a draft to provide the needed manpower for World War I
    
    
32. Sussex Pledge - German promise to stop unconditional submarine attacks
    
    
33. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - peace treaty that ended the Russian involvement in the World War I after the Bolsheviks took over; freed the Germans to concentrate on the western front
    
    
34. Treaty of Versailles - peace agreement that ended World War I and set up the League of Nations; rejected by United States
    
    
35. Zimmerman Note - intercepted message that proposed a Mexican-German alliance